http://rep.knlu.edu.ua/xmlui/handle/787878787/7845 2026-04-30T12:36:21Z http://rep.knlu.edu.ua/xmlui/handle/787878787/8282 The development history of Manchu language Gao Yanghe The purpose of this article is to analyze the evolution of the Manchu language from its origins to the present day, to identify its characteristics and interactions with surrounding languages and cultures at various historical stages. The methodological basis of the proposed study is general scientific methods such as observation, description, induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, as well as paradigmaticsyntagmatic analysis of model structures, comparative analysis of structural models to identify similar characteristics or features, translation analysis to determine ways of reproducing categories, and statistical research methods. Scientific novelty. The historical stages of development of the Manchu language as the native language of the Manchus are analyzed. It is shown that the Manchu language, as the native language of the Manchu people, reflects changes in Manchu culture and the process of ethnic integration throughout its development. It has been determined that the early Manchu language originated from the Tungusic language and was closely related to the languages of the Suiren, Wuzhe, and other ethnic groups. It was transmitted mainly in oral form. Research results. It has been determined that after the Manchus came to power at the end of the 16th century, Nurhaci ordered the creation of Manchu writing based on the Mongolian alphabet. Later, thanks to Da Hai's reform, a Manchu script with punctuation marks was developed, which improved the accuracy of phonetic reproduction. However, in the middle and late Qing dynasty, the Sinicization of the Manchu people and the decline of Manchu language education led to the deterioration of the Manchu language and a significant decrease in the number of its speakers. The modern Manchu language is in danger of disappearing. Only in some villages inhabited by Manchus has a limited oral tradition been preserved. The government and the public are actively taking measures to preserve the language, such as conducting a census of Manchus, creating special funds, and organizing cultural events. However, language preservation still faces problems such as a lack of resources. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://rep.knlu.edu.ua/xmlui/handle/787878787/8281 Globalization as a driving force: implementation of preventive measures to counter natural hazards in the tourism industry: historical context Tsypko, V. V. The purpose of the article covers several key areas: globalization as a context: to investigate how globalization processes (in particular, the rapid development of tourism, the interdependence of markets) affect the spread and management of risks associated with natural hazards; impact assessment – to analyze the consequences of natural hazards on the development of the tourism industry, which is confirmed by the subsection “results of natural hazards for tourism development”; justification of preventive measures: to identify and describe existing or necessary measures to prevent and minimize the consequences of natural hazards; resilience and recommendations: to provide practical recommendations and strategies for reducing risks in order to ensure the resilience of the tourism industry to natural hazards. Мethods and methodology of conducting the research. The methodological basis of the work is: the method of theoretical research, induction and deduction, observation, comparison, analysis and synthesis. The methodology is based on the principles of: systematicity, scientificity, objectivity, determinism, unity of external influences and internal conditions of development. Scientific novelty . focused on rethinking natural risk management strategies in the tourism sector, shifting the emphasis to preventive resilience in the context of globalization. The study reveals the mechanism through which globalization acts as a “driving force”, which not only increases the scale of tourism activities, but also complicates the management of risks from natural hazards. A conceptual model of tourism industry resilience is substantiated, which is based on preventive, and not only ex post facto, measures integrated into global tourism policy. Organizational and economic mechanisms are being determined for the implementation of the proposed preventive measures at the level of tourism enterprises, regional administrations, and international tourism organizations. The results of the study will contribute to the formation of a scientifically sound set of preventive strategies, methods and policies that can be used by stakeholders (tourism companies, government bodies, international organizations) to increase their preparedness and resilience to natural hazards in the context of globalization. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://rep.knlu.edu.ua/xmlui/handle/787878787/8280 History of the implementation of social tourism practices in Europe and Ukraine Komova, O. S. The purpose of the study is to examine the historical experience of implementing social tourism practices and their relevance in modern conditions. The methodology is based on the use of a complex of scientific methods: historical, comparative, generalization, systematization of psychological and pedagogical, scientific and methodological, and specialized literature; comparison of different views on the problem under study; modeling; analysis of the definition of concepts. Empirical methods are also used, in particular statistical methods: the method of determining the integral indicator, the method of predicting the accuracy of expert assessments, the method of assessing the representativeness of the sample, as well as methods of analyzing empirical data using information technologies. Scientific novelty. An analysis of foreign experience in social tourism has been carried out, showing that state support, a clearly defined strategy, and funding are necessary conditions for the development of this type of tourism. To this end, it is necessary to formulate a clear policy with principles that correspond to the tourism development strategy for the coming years: targeted support for social tourism by state authorities and local self-government bodies; legal regulation of relations between participants in social tourism (the state, travel agencies, tour operators, tourists, travel agents); support for producers of national tourism products; creation of favorable conditions for the development of social tourism among different categories and groups of the population and its promotion; consideration of the interests of all citizens in the development and implementation of social tourism development programs. Research results. Scientific approaches to understanding and researching social tourism are considered, and the theoretical and methodological foundations and practical directions for ensuring the innovative development of this type of economic activity are substantiated. Practical problems of organizing social tourism are analyzed, in particular, obstacles that arise in the way of innovative development of this type of economic activity. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://rep.knlu.edu.ua/xmlui/handle/787878787/8279 Fashion as a tourist attraction in the context of sustainable development: historical trends and prospects for countries Borysova, O. V.; Podpisnov, D. S. The article examines the phenomenon of fashion tourism as a component of creative industries and a tool for sustainable development. The purpose of the article is to explore the role of fashion as a tourist attraction in the context of sustainable development. The methodological basis of the study was a systematic and interdisciplinary approach, which made it possible to consider fashion tourism in relation to cultural, creative, shopping tourism and concepts of sustainable development. Scientific novelty. Based on an analysis of international practices, the potential of fashion as a tourist attraction that combines economic benefits, cultural value and the preservation of local identity has been identified. The main threats to the sustainable development of this area were identified: cultural appropriation, the digital divide, gender inequality, environmental challenges, unequal access to the market, and a lack of political support. Cross-sectoral solutions are proposed at the level of policy, management, education and digital transformation. Particular attention is paid to the circular economy, intellectual property protection and support for local artisans. Conclusions. The results of the study demonstrate the role of fashion tourism as a means of cultural dialogue and social development. It was determined that a comprehensive approach – a combination of ethical design, responsible consumption and cultural sensitivity – can turn fashion tourism into an effective tool for social, economic and cultural growth. Based on an analysis of global practices, it can be argued that the potential of fashion tourism as a driver of sustainable development is significant, but its implementation is only possible if a number of challenges are overcome: the commercialisation of traditions, digital inequality, environmental pressure, gender discrimination and a lack of political will. This requires the implementation of multi-level strategies – from supporting local creators and artisans to developing digital platforms, legislating intellectual property protection, and promoting the circular economy. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z